ABSTRACT
For decades pediatric urologists have been performing laparoscopy for non-palpable testis. The passage from diagnostic to therapeutic indications has been a long and hesitating procedure for pediatric urologists. During the 1990s laparoscopic renal surgery was limited to ablative indications and was used only in a limited number of centers. In the early experience of the procedure, the indications for laparoscopy in pediatric urology were unclear and unproven compared with the advantages of open procedures. It is only in the last several years that laparoscopy has been considered an essential part of the armamentarium of pediatric urologists.
