ABSTRACT
Ureteral duplication is one of the most common anomalies affecting the genitourinary tract. Variants, including incomplete ureteral duplication and complete duplications with normally developed renal moieties, constitute the vast majority. As such, they represent no more than radiologic curiosities. Anomalies with clinical significance, including ectopic ureters and ureteroceles, are much less common. Historically, the majority of these were probably clinically silent.1 A smaller portion became evident as a consequence of hydronephrosis, vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), or incontinence, either in combination or alone. More recently, antenatal diagnosis has uncovered many urologic anomalies, including different variants of ureteral duplications, which are asymptomatic. Antenatal detection enables the preservation of renal function and the avoidance of illness for some children. For others, perinatal identification creates controversy by introducing a large group of abnormalities that may have gone harmlessly undetected in the past.
