ABSTRACT
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential nutrient and is vital for numerous biological processes. This entry reviews the biochemistry, physiology, and homeostasis of Mg. Dietary intake and requirements as well as current recommendations are discussed. Causes of and risk factors for the element’s deficiency are reviewed along with the clinical manifestations of moderate-to-severe depletion. Possible complications of deficiency such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis when dietary Mg intake falls below the recommended daily allowance (RDA) are discussed.
