ABSTRACT
Zinc is the most abundant intracellular trace element. It is present in every living cell in the body and has many diverse biological functions. Because zinc is a component of many enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and gene expression, as well as in the metabolism of other nutrients,[1] it has a multitude of physiological and biochemical functions, notably in embryogenesis, immunity, and growth. The element is abundant in the food supply; however, its absorption from foods depends on the presence or absence of substances in foods that can bind zinc and make it unavailable for absorption. In 1961, the human requirement for zinc was shown by reports of hypogonadism and dwarfism of rural Iranian boys who consumed food that contained zinc, but which was not readily absorbed.[2] The significance of the clinical and public health implications of zinc health is currently being addressed and deserves attention. In cases of inadequacy, primarily in developing countries, treatment with supplements (zinc sulfate, zinc gluconate, etc.) is effective.
