ABSTRACT

This chapter addresses several important aspects related to the design of microgrids, namely: network topology, control approaches, protection approaches and direct current microgrid. Traditional low-voltage distribution networks have been radial, and the focus of network planning has been primarily on preserving the radiality of the distribution system. The chapter explores the centralized microgrid management applications for grid-connected mode operation. The United States is the leading microgrid market today, and is expected to remain that way until at least 2020. Another microgrid hotspot is the Asia Pacific market, where efforts have intensified with the aim of ending energy poverty through remote/off-grid microgrids in China and India. Static switch is a PE-based solution used for fast and automatic islanding and for grid resynchronization. It is capable of isolating sensitive loads and microsources from the distribution system in less than one-quarter of a cycle during faults and other disturbances.