ABSTRACT
It is self-evident that women with type 1 and type 2 poorly controlled diabetes have a significant increase in adverse perinatal outcome in comparison to nondiabetic patients. The condition is especially detrimental when the targeted level of glycemia is not achieved. It is also realistic to assume that similar adverse outcomes will result in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) since it is a looking-glass image of type 2 diabetes. GDM is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Therefore, some of the women already have impaired glucose tolerance test and/or impaired fasting glucose. The first condition in order to establish a medical entity as a disease is to demonstrate change from normal to pathophysiology. This will facilitate the development of interventions aimed at prevention as well as treatment. Human pregnancy is characterized as an insulin-resistant condition.
