ABSTRACT
Overextraction of groundwater for dierent purposes has triggered groundwater depletion and related environmental problems. Industrial consumption of water is low as compared to agricultural consumption, but it is raising with time due to a wave of industrialization and it may go up 193 km2/year by 2050 in India [23]. ere are two types of problems with water
13.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 163 13.2 Water Reuse Options ............................................................................................................... 166
Urban Reuse • Industrial Reuse • Environmental and Recreational Reuse 13.3 Treatment of Toxic Materials ................................................................................................. 167 13.4 Measures of Water Quality ..................................................................................................... 167 13.5 Groundwater Quality Criteria for Irrigation ........................................................................171 13.6 Industrial Water Criteria ........................................................................................................ 173 13.7 Summary and Conclusions .................................................................................................... 174 References ............................................................................................................................................. 174
Preface Water is an essential but scarce resource in India. Presently, the quality and the availability of freshwater resources is one of the most challenging issues facing the country. Overextraction of groundwater for dierent purposes has triggered groundwater depletion and related environmental problems in many parts of the world. In India, population increase coupled with rapid urbanization, industrialization, and agricultural development has resulted in high impact on the quality and quantity of water. e situation warrants immediate redressal through safe water resource and improved water quality management strategies. Water reuse allows communities to become less dependent on groundwater and surface water sources and can decrease the diversion of water from sensitive ecosystems. Additionally, water reuse satisfying most of the water demands depending on the level of treatment may reduce nutrient loads from wastewater discharges into waterways, thereby reducing and preventing pollution. is chapter highlights the basic concepts and issues involved in water reclamation and reuse.
