ABSTRACT
To understand the range of pathophysiologic symptoms observed with milk fever, one must be aware of the physiologic actions dependent upon Ca2+, Mg2+, and P043-(see previous chapters). As previously discussed, Ca2+, Mg2+, and P043-are normally present in extracellular fluids (ECFs) in relatively small amounts compared with Na+, CI-, and HC03-. The plasma concentrations of these electrolytes are more likely to change with acute additions or deletions from the system.
