ABSTRACT
THE MEIOTIC SPINDLE Metaphase II (MII) spindles appear to be particularly vulnerable to environmental changes. Susceptibility of microtubules to cryoprotective agents (CPAs) has been shown, as well as to thermal, oxidative, and redox stress.1-3 Albeit transient, cryopreservation interferes without doubt with the intracellular and extracellular homeostasis and therefore poses a risk for inducing spindle abnormalities, chromatid nondisjunction, fertilization errors, and abnormal mitotic divisions during embryonic development.
