ABSTRACT
With the widespread use of maternal ultrasound, the incidence of prenatally detected hydronephrosis has increased significantly altering the practice of urology. The recent review of the trends in the prenatal sonography use and subsequent urological diagnoses in United States demonstrated significant increase in the overall ultrasound use in the last two decades. The overall incidence of Pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction approximates 1 in 1500 births. The ratio of males to females is 2:1 in the neonatal period, with left-sided lesions occurring in 60". The bladder is visualized by 14 weeks of gestation. The presence of full bladder provides evidence of renal function. The ureters are usually not seen in the absence of distal obstruction or reflux. The clinical presentation of PUJ obstruction has dramatically changed since the advent of maternal ultrasonographic screening. With the increasing number of cases of antenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis, it is difficult to interpret the underlying pathology and its significance.
