ABSTRACT
The septum consists of the anterior quadrilateral cartilage, bony perpendicular plate of the ethmoid and vomer. The upper and lower lateral cartilages form the outer nasal skeleton, together with the nasal bones and frontal process of the maxilla. All of the ostea of the nasal sinuses open onto the lateral nasal wall except the sphenoid sinus, which is situated posterosuperiorly within the nose (Figure 46.1).
