ABSTRACT

The laser light is a type of electromagnetic (EM) radiation and is derived from the optical part of the EM spectrum. Radiation is considered energy in transit and its propagation can be influenced by changes in the energizing source. The laser light travels in waves, which have characteristic wavelengths and frequency. The physics of laser is a complex topic; Albert Einstein published the theoretical basis of laser in 1917, but a functioning laser light was only produced in 1960 by Theodore Maiman. A laser beam on the other hand, which is generated by a device, consists of photons which are of the same wavelength, coherent and collimated. The basic laser generator consists of three components: an active or lasing medium, an optical chamber or resonator and an energizing source. The safety of lasers is classified according to its effect on the skin or cornea and is based on the maximum permissible exposure levels.