ABSTRACT
Leica Geosystems, Inc.) AERONET AErosol RObotic NETwork AFGL Air Force Geophysics Laboratory
(USA) AGL Above Ground Level ALI Advanced Land Imager ANN Artificial Neural Network AOCS Attitude and Orbit Control
Subsystem ARP Ancillary Radiometric Product
(refers to MISR) ASD Analytical Spectral Device ASTER Advanced Spaceborne Thermal and
reflection Radiometer AWAR Area-Weighted Average Resolution BASC Bundle Adjustment with Self-
Calibrator B/H Base-to-Height (Ratio) BIIF Basic Image Interchange Format BIPM Bureau International des Poids et
Mesures BLS BaseLine Stabilization BLUH BundLe adjustment University
Hannover BRDF Bidirectional Radiance Distribution
Function BRF Bidirectional Reflectance Factor CCD Charge-Coupled Device CCPR Consultative Committee of
Photogrammetry and Radiometry CCRI Climate Change Research Initiative
(USA) CD Committee Draft CDR Climate Data Record CE Circular Error CEOS Committee on Earth Observing
Satellites CERES Clouds and Earth’s Radiant Energy
System CGPM Conference Generale de Poids et
Mesures CHRIS Compact High Resolution Imaging
Spectrometer
CIPM Comité International de Poids et Mesures
CNES Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales CS Coordinate System CTF Contrast Transfer Function CZCS Coastal Zone Color Scanner DAAC Distributed Active Archive Center
(NASA, USA) DCT Discrete Cosine Transform DGIWG Digital Geographic Information
Working Group DIN Deutches Institut für Normung DIS Draft International Standard DLA Dark Level Acquisition DMC Digital Mapping Camera DN Digital Number DoD Department of Defense (USA) DoE Department of Energy (USA) DORIS Determination d’Orbite et
Radiopositionement Integre par Satellite
DTED Digital Terrain Elevation Data DTM Digital Terrain Model DTEM Digital Terrain Elevation Model ECR Earth-Centered Rotating
(coordinate system) ECT Earth Calibration Source EEI Essential Elements of Information EOS/Terra Earth Observing System/Terra
platform ERBE Earth Radiation Budget
Experiment ESA European Space Agency ESF Edge Spread Function ESR Electrical Substitution Radiometer
(aka Cryogenic Radiometer) ETM Enhanced Thematic Mapper-plus EU European Union FAM Field Angle Map FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
(United Nations) FASCAL Facility for Automated
Spectroradiometric Calibrations (at NIST, USA)
FDIS Final Draft International Standard FFT Fast Fourier Transform FGDC Federal Geographic Data
Committee (United States)
FT Fourier Transform FWHM Full-Width, Half Maximum GCP Ground Control Points GERB Geostationary Earth Radiation
Budget GIANTS Global Instrumented and
Networked Test Sites GIQE General Image Quality Equation GIS Geographic Information System GM Global Mode (refers to MISR) GML Geography Mark-up Language GSD Ground Sample Distance GSE Ground Support Equipment GSI Ground Sample Interval GUM Guide to the expression of
Uncertainty in Measurement HDF Hierarchical Data Format HDRF Hemispherical Directional
Reflectance Factor HM Haute résolution Monomode
(SPOT 5 m mode; consisting of HMA and HMB images to produce a 2.5 m THR)
HQE High Quantum Efficiency HRG Haute Résolution Géométrique
(SPOT 5 high-resolution cameras) HRS Haute Résolution Stéréoscopique
(SPOT 5 stereoscopic cameras) HRSC High Resolution Stereo Camera
(DLR, predecessor to ADS40) HRV Haute Résolution Visible (SPOT
1-3 cameras) HRVIR Haute Résolution Visible et
InfraRouge (SPOT 4 cameras) HTML HyperText Markup Language IAG International Association of
Geodesy ICR Inertial Coordinate Reference
(system) IEC International Electrotechnical
Commission IFOV Instantaneous Field of View IGN Institut Géographique National
(France IHO International Hydrographic
Organization IM Image Measure (software program) IMU Inertial Measurement Unite INCITS/L1 InterNational Committee for
Information Technology Standards/Technical Committee L1
InGaAs Indium-Gallium-Arsenide INS Inertial Navigation System InSb Indium Antimonide IORD Integrated Operational
Requirements Document
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
IQ Image Quality IQEC Image Quality Expertise Center
(CNES, France) IRAS InfraRed Astronomical Satellite IRS Indian Remote Sensing satellite
(India) IS International Standard ISCCP International Satellite Cloud
Climatology Project ISO International Organization for
Standardization ISPRS International Society for
Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
ITS International Temperature Scale ITU International Telecommunication
Union JCT Joint Technical Committee (as in
ISO/IEC-JCT 1) JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory JScript JAVA Script LANL Los Alamos National Laboratories
(USA) LBIR Low Background InfraRed (facility
at NIST, USA) LISE Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire en
Sciences de l’Environment LM Local Mode (MISR high-resolution
mode) LOA Laboratoire d’Optique
Atmosphérique LSB Last Significant Bit LSF Line Spread Function MBIR Middle Background InfraRed
(facility at NIST, USA) MFRSR Multi-filter Rotating Shadow-band
Radiometer MISR Multi-angle Imaging
Spectroradiometer MOBY Marine Optical Buoy MODIS MODerate-resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer MODTRAN Moderate Resolution Transmittance
(refers to atmospheric correction software)
MRA Mutual Recognition Arrangement mSG (filter) modified Savitzky-Golay (filter) MSG Meteosat Second Generation
(Eumetsat) MSL Mean Sea Level MSX Midcourse Space Experiment MTF Modulation Transfer Function MTFC Modulation Transfer Function
Compensation MTFC-off MTFC (without compensation)
MTFC-on MTFC (with compensation) NAFTA North American Free Trade
Agreement NAS National Academy of Science (USA) NASA National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (USA) NBS National Bureau of Standards
(United States now NIST, see below)
NGA National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (USA, formerly NIMA, see below)
NHDRDF Normalized HemisphereDirectional Reflectance Distribution Function
NIIRS National Imagery Interpretability Rating Scale (USA)
NIMA National Imagery and Mapping Agency (now NGA)
NIR Near InfraRed NIST National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NMI for USA) NLRF National Laser Radiometer Facility
(UK, NPL) NMI National Metrology Institute (each
nation has its own specific named institution)
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (USA)
NPL National Physical Laboratory (NMI for UK, India)
NPOESS-IPO Nation Polar-orbiting Environmental Satellite System Integrated Program Office (future satellite platform)
NRC National Research Council (research arm of NAS)
NWIP New Work Item Proposal OBC Onboard Calibrator ODOT Ohio Department of Transportation OGC Open GIS Consortium ONERA Office National d’Etudes et de
Recherches Aérospatiales OSL Optical Sciences Laboratory
(United States Geological Survey) OSU (The) Ohio State University OTD Optical Technology Division (of
NIST, USA) OTF Optical Transfer Function PARABOLA Portable Apparatus for Rapid
Acquisition of Bidirectional Observation of the Land and Atmosphere
PIN p (Positive), i (Intrinsically pure silicon), n (Negative) doped layers
POLDER Polarization and Directionality of the Earth’s Reflectances
PRT Platinum Resistance Thermometer PSF Point Spread Function PSL Potential Site Layer (as in a GIS
coverage) PTB Physicalische Techniche
Bundessanasatlt PTFF Polytetrafluoroethylene QA Quality Assurance RER Relative Edge Response RMSE Root Mean Square Error ROLO Robotic Lunar Observatory RPC Rational Polynomial Coefficient RSB Reflectance Solar Bands RSG Remote Sensing Group (University
of Arizona) SABER Sounding of the Atmosphere using
Broadband Emission Radiometry (facility at SDL)
SBRS Santa Barbara Remote Sensing ScaRaB Scanner for Radiation Budget SD Solar Diffuser SDL Space Dynamics Laboratory (Utah
State University) SDSM Solar Diffuser Stability Monitor SeaWiFS Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view
Sensor SensorML Sensor Model Language SG (filter) Savitzky-Golay (filter) SI (Units) Systéme International (d’Unités)
(as in metric) SIRCUS Spectral Irradiance and Radiance
Responsivity Calibrations with Uniform Sources (facility at NIST, USA)
SMAC Simultaneous Multiframe Analytical Calibration
SMIL Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language
SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio SPOT Satellite Pour l’Observation de la
Terre SRIPS Spectral Radiance and Irradiance
Primary Scales SSMI Special Sensor Microwave
Imager SST Sea Surface Temperature SSTL Surrey Satellite Technologies (UK) SURF III Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation
Facility SWIXR ShortWave Infrared Transfer
Radiometer TC Technical Committee (as in
ISO/TC 211) TCL/TK Tool Command Language/Tool Kit THR Trés Haute Résolution, refers to
SPOT 5 2.5-m imaging mode TIFF Tagged Image File Format
TIR Thermal Infrared TM Thematic Mapper (sensor on
Landsat) TOA Top of Atmosphere TRUTHS Traceable Radiometry
Underpinning Terrestrial-and Helio-Studies
TSARS Transfer Standards Absolute Radiance Sources
TXR Thermal-infrared Transfer Radiometer
UHTBB Ultra High Temperature BlackBody UM University of Miami (Florida) UML Unified Modeling Language USAF United States Air Force USGS United States Geological Survey UTH Upper Tropospheric Humidity
UV Ultraviolet VBS Visual Basic Script VC Vicarious Calibration VGT VéGéTation (SPOT 4-5 low
resolution cameras) VIIRS Visible/Infrared
Imager/Radiometer Suite VIM International Vocabulary of Basic
and General Terms in Metrology VRML Virtual reality Markup Language VXR Visible Transfer Radiometer WCRP World Climate Research
Programme WD Working Draft XML Extensible Mark-up Language ZnSe Zink-Selenium
