ABSTRACT
Titanium alloys are among the most important advanced materials and are key to improved performance in both aerospace and terrestrial systems due to an excellent combination of specific mechanical properties and outstanding corrosion behavior. The high cost of producing conventional titanium components has spurred numerous investigations into potentially lower cost processes, including powder metallurgy near-net-shape techniques such as additive manufacturing (AM). Following American Society for Testing and Materials classification, AM technologies for metals can be broadly classified into two categories: directed energy deposition and powder bed fusion (PBF). PBF technologies place a layer of metal powder on the build platform, and then the powder is scanned with a heat source, such as a laser or electron beam, to either partially or completely melts the powder in the path of the beam and resolidify and bind it together as it cools. Directed energy deposition technologies work by injecting material into a melt pool rather than scanning a powder bed.
