ABSTRACT
FIGURE8Velocityoftheultrasonicwavethroughaboltasafunctionofthestressin thebolt.Weareprimarilyinterestedintheslopeofthecurve,whichistypically-8 x10-3foralowalloyboltingmaterial.
where
SF=stressfactor 11Te=changeintransittimecreatedbythestrain(i.e.,changeinlength)ofthebolt 11TT=totalchangeintransittime(causedbyboththevelocityandlengthchanges)
Theterms11Teand11TTcanbeexpressedasabsolutechangesintransittimeorinseconds.
