ABSTRACT
Nootherstructuralmaterialoffersthehighstrengthatlowcostthatcanbeachievedbysteel. Forthisreasonfastenersmadeofsteelconstitutethemajorityoffastenersusedworldwide. Theautomotiveindustry,whichusesabout25%ofallfastenersused,usesnutsandboltsof carbonoralloysteelalmostexclusivelyinautomobileandtruckmanufacture.
