ABSTRACT
Figure 74 The stress dependence of the secondary creep rate for Pb-1.2% Sb alloy at various temperatures (228). (Courtesy of ILZRO, Dr. M. K. Sohoto and Prof. J. R. Riddington, Univ. of Sussex, Brighton, UK.)
Figure 75 The stress dependence of the secondary creep rate for Pb-O.06% Cu alloy at various temperatures (228). (Courtesy of ILZRO, Dr. M. K. Sohoto and Prof. J. R. Riddington, Univ. of Sussex, Brighton, UK.)
Table 34 Summary of Tests Carried out on 99.99% Lead at Various Stresses and Temperatures [228]. (Courtesy of ILZRO, Dr. M. K. Sohoto, and Prof. J. R. Riddington, University of Sussex at Brighton, UK.)
5°C 20"C 40°C 60°C
Stress t. Stress t. Stress t. Stress t. (MPa) (S-I) (MPa) (S-I) (MPa) (S-I) (MPa) (S-I)
1.0 6.02E-1O 1.0 1.0 7.77E-1O 1.0 2.5 1.30E-09 2.5 2.62E-09 2.5 3.14E-09 2.5 5.0 2.27E-09 5.0 3.53E-08 5.0 7.9lE-08 5.0 7.5 4.48E-09 7.5 6.34E-08 7.5 1.32E-07 7.5
10.0 10.0 9.23E-08 10.0 5.60E-07 10.0 12.5 1.83E-08 12.5 1.43E-07 12.5 8.65E-07 12.5
Table 35 Summary of Tests Carried out on Pb-O.06% Cu-O.04% Te Alloy at Various Stresses and Temperatures [228]. (Courtesy of ILZRO, Dr. M. K. Sohoto, and Prof. J. R. Riddington, University of Sussex at Brighton, UK.)
5°C 20°C 40°C 60°C
Stress t. Stress t. Stress t. Stress t. (MPa) (S-I) (MPa) (S-I) (MPa) (S-I) (MPa) (S-I)
1.0 1.0 7.55E-1O 1.0 1.0 4.34E-09 2.5 7.02E-1O 2.5 2.56E-09 2.5 2.82E-09 2.5 7.91E-09 4.0 4.0 3.71E-09 4.0 4.0 1.12E-08 5.0 3.19E-09 5.0 5.43E-09 5.0 1.43E-08 5.0 6.34E-08 6.5 6.5 1.8lE-08 6.5 6.5 7.5 7.55E-09 7.5 3.53E-08 7.5 4.53E-08 7.5 8.85E-08
10.0 1.16E-08 10.0 7.32E-08 10.0 8.80E-08 10.0 1.62E-07 12.5 2.33E-08 12.5 1.37E-07 12.5 1.68E-07 12.5 1.76E-07
Table 36 Summary of Tests Carried out on Pb-l.2% Sb Alloy at Various Stresses and Temperatures [228]. (Courtesy of ILZRO, Dr. M. K. Sohoto, and Prof. J. R. Riddington, University of Sussex at Brighton, UK.)
5°C 20°C 40°C 60°C
Stress E. Stress E. Stress E. Stress E. (MPa) (s-') (MPa) (S-I) (MPa) (s I) (MPa) (s-')
1.0 1.0 1.36E-09 1.0 1.0 2.5 2.89E-09 2.5 1.86E-08 2.5 3.85E-08 2.5 l.14E-07 4.0 4.0 4.90E-08 4.0 4.0 5.0 8.68E-09 5.0 8.5lE-08 5.0 l.19E-07 5.0 3.96E-07 7.5 8.2IE-08 7.5 3.83E-07 7.5 2.69E-07 7.5 9.0 IE-07
10.0 10.0 10.0 3.07E-07 10.0
Table 37 Summary of Tests Carried out on Pb-O.06% Cu Alloy at Various Stresses and Temperatures [228]. (Courtesy of ILZRO, Dr. M. K. Sohoto, and Prof. J. R. Riddington, University of Sussex at Brighton, UK.)
5°C 20°C 40°C 60°C
Stress E. Stress E. Stress E. Stress E. (MPa) (s-') (MPa) (S-I) (MPa) (s 1) (MPa) (S-I)
1.0 1.0 7.85E-1O 1.0 2.77E-09 1.0 2.50E-09 2.5 2.85E-09 2.5 2.74E-09 2.5 6.98E-09 2.5 8.74E-09 4.0 4.0 7.07E-09 4.0 4.0 5.0 1.03E-08 5.0 1.76E-08 5.0 1.54E-08 5.0 2.56E-08 7.5 2.28E-08 7.5 6.75E-08 7.5 1.04E-07 7.5 l.1lE-07
10.0 5.93E-08 10.0 1.60E-07 10.0 10.0
Table 38 Summary of Norton's n Values for Pure Lead and Three Lead Alloys [228]. (Courtesy of ILZRO, Dr. M. K. Sohoto, and Prof. J. R. Riddington, University of Sussex at Brighton, UK.) Materials 5°C 20°C 4Q°C 60°C 99.99% lead 1.26 2.41 2.93 Pb-1.2% Sb 2.89 2.70 1.57 1.87 Pb-O.06% Cu 2.12 2.34 1.63 1.78 Pb-O.06% Cu-O.04% Te 2.12 2.10 1.57 1.87
Table 39 Summary of Activation Energies Q, (kJ/mol) Values for Pure Lead and Three Lead Alloys [228]. (Courtesy of ILZRO, Dr. M. K. Sohoto, and Prof. J. R. Riddington, University of Sussex at Brighton, UK.)
Materials 1.0 MPa 2.5 MPa 5.0 MPa 7.5 MPa 10.0 MPa
99.99% lead 5.3 17.9 72.1 68.6 68.7 Pb-1.2% Sb 48.5 48.5 27.9 Pb-O.06% Cu 24.0 18.1 10.6 21.4 44.8 Pb-O.06% Cu-O.04% Te 35.5 30.3 41.3 31.4 33.3
a£p =£~(2NY 2
Figure 76 The general types of fluctuating stress [179]. (Reprinted with permission from McGraw Hill Companies, New York.)
Figure 77 Typical S-N curves in metals [179]. (Reprinted with permission from McGraw Hill Companies, New York.)
