ABSTRACT
Since the Industrial Revolution, the United States economy has moved through the machine age into the information age and now stands at the threshold of the knowledge age. The locus of organizational exemplars has shifted from capital-intensive industries, such as steel and automobiles, to information-intensive industries, such as financial services and logistics, and now toward innovationdriven industries, such as computer software and biotechnology, where competitive advantage lies mostly in the effective use of human resources.
