ABSTRACT
In formulating any type of defect formation reaction, it is essential to have mass balance and charge balance, i.e., the electroneutrality condition must be satisfied.
For evaluating the defect concentrations in a crystal, the defect equilibria are to be treated in terms of the law of mass action. Use of this law implies the applicability of Boltzmann statistics, i.e., random distribution of defects are considered to be valid. However, at very large concentration of defects this approach breaks down. Moreover, at very low temperatures there will be every likelihood of defect association and less probability for the presence of free defects.
