ABSTRACT

Weeds have been and remain the primary pest control target in agricultural, forestry and urban environments. More than $75 billion annual yield losses are attributed to them in the world’s major food crops: rice, wheat, barley, corn, potato and soybean (Bhowmik 1999). Worldwide, 44% of all pesticides sold are herbicides. However, in North America, up to 80% of overall pesticide sales are herbicides (Bailey and Mupondwa 2006).