• Personal injury includes injury caused by both accident and disease. • Absolute safety is not attainable. • Failure to operate safely can be expensive. • Risks must be distinguished from hazards. • The main factors which the law has to take into account are: (a) the state of scientific knowledge; (b) the foreseeability that injury will occur; (c) the probability of injury occurring; (d) the cost of preventing injury occurring. These are the themes which will run through the following pages. First the civil and then the criminal law will be reviewed.

DOI link for • Personal injury includes injury caused by both accident and disease. • Absolute safety is not attainable. • Failure to operate safely can be expensive. • Risks must be distinguished from hazards. • The main factors which the law has to take into account are: (a) the state of scientific knowledge; (b) the foreseeability that injury will occur; (c) the probability of injury occurring; (d) the cost of preventing injury occurring. These are the themes which will run through the following pages. First the civil and then the criminal law will be reviewed.

• Personal injury includes injury caused by both accident and disease. • Absolute safety is not attainable. • Failure to operate safely can be expensive. • Risks must be distinguished from hazards. • The main factors which the law has to take into account are: (a) the state of scientific knowledge; (b) the foreseeability that injury will occur; (c) the probability of injury occurring; (d) the cost of preventing injury occurring. These are the themes which will run through the following pages. First the civil and then the criminal law will be reviewed.