ABSTRACT
With respect to low costs and high detection/information effec-
tiveness, physical and chemical sensors help us today widely to
check and control more and more processes everywhere around
us. Biosensors were introduced to chemical sensors about 50 years
ago with the aim of utilizing the recognition ability of biological
components such as enzymes, antibodies, etc., for the detection
of species of interest. Among them, biosensors with electrical and
electrochemical transducers are most popular in development and
application due to general advantages of electroanalytical methods
such as rather simple sensor fabrication, low costs of equipment and
analysis, possibility of miniaturization, and automation in chemical
analysis. Techniques and terms of electroanalytical chemistry have
been reviewed in technical reports of the Union for Pure and Applied
Chemistry (IUPAC) titled “Classification and Nomenclature of Elec-
troanalytical” Techniques” [1], “Recommended Terms, Symbols, and
Definitions for Electroanalytical Chemistry” [2], and “Recommended
Terms, Symbols, and Definitions for Electroanalytical Chemistry
(Recommendations 1985)” [3] and in Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature: The Orange Book [4]. Some special articles characterize electrochemical sensors [5]. A special IUPAC technical report,
“Electrochemical Biosensors: Recommended Definitions and Clas-
sification” [6], deals with techniques and terms of electrochemical
biosensors.
