ABSTRACT
As early as 1959, Richard Feynman first presented the idea of
nanotechnology; envisioning “the possibility of maneuvering things
atom by atom” to provide a plethora of new opportunities for design
[1]. Since then, the advent of science and technology in providing
high-precision techniques and high-resolution tools for imaging,
production, and characterization has heralded the modern era of
nanotechnology. The older approach of “top-down” design, limited
by the starting material and its bulk properties, has given way to
the “bottom-up” approach that confers complete control of building
blocks for the desired end properties.
