ABSTRACT
First Published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
part |1 pages
Social Security
chapter |7 pages
Self-
employed contributions made up 6.3% of the total number of contributions in 1950 and 5.7% in 1965. The decline was com- pletely in women self-employed persons. This differential treatment of self-employed persons has never been questioned seriously and it was accepted also by the 1959
chapter |15 pages
itself.' The largest number of certificates varied himself.
by the Registrar follows the application of the employer This happened in cases where the nature of the employment had changed or ceased. In a small number of cases, however, the Registrar had varied or cancelled certificates without the em- ployers' consent where he had established that the scheme did not
part |2 pages
self-
part |1 pages
is extremely difficult. It is more than likely for married women are due to the fact that they to resume work as the It is unlikely that married women suffer from more of the insured population. for sickness benefit in a year not increase with age. In fact some of the younger age a substantial part of the longer of sickness benefit in the older age-groups is due to of illness rather than more frequent spells. Whether are due to more serious illnesses or to other the self-employed is due more to less of illness. These
chapter 26|13 pages
below all four groups - 32% of the employed men,
shows. The proportion of those who were ill for over one year was about the same in 40% of the self-employed men, 37% of the employed married women and 40% of the employed single women. The proportion, however, of those ill for over eight years was double for women
part |1 pages
is paid at a reduced rate, then any increase which can be
chapter 65|8 pages
was nearly 40%. In 1957 it was 43%, in
1960 49% and in 1963, 54%. A similar trend applies to women also. Reductions in the proportions of people retiring at the initial age are bound to affect the proportions at work in sub- sequent ages. Under the National Insurance Act, 1957, people who have retired are enabled to go back to work if they wish and
chapter |5 pages
is only 3.5% of the all those assessed at 100% disability, to 330 at the end of 1964. is the difference
15-19 to 25% for the age-group 60-64. Older persons are less likely to be able to take up their old occupation or another of equivalent standard than younger persons because physical adaptability decreases in older ages and also because of employers' attitudes towards the employment of elderly disabled persons. Of
part 10|1 pages
ALLOWANCES FOR CHILDREN
part 11|1 pages
I I NATIONAL ASSISTANCE
chapter |6 pages
National Assistance provided and 1948 a number of Acts
his requirements and, if they are lower, to provide him with an assistance allowance equivalent to the difference between the two. What constitutes a person's resources and requirements is a matter of opinion and the various Acts which have attempted to define them reflect the prevalent public opinion on the nature of
chapter |16 pages
National Assistance for It be provided with different social up in their present pay, annuities, payments from or individuals, etc. The incomes from these are disregarded under the Acts of 1948, 1959 and are 20s., 30s. and 20s. respectively. The reasons for these In the case of superannuation, for example, the was that if it were taken completely into it might discourage occupational and private pension It is very doubtful, however, whether this will happen In the case as it would be difficult to establish whether a pay- was made or not unless it was declared. In the case of or from sub-letting, it is desirable it partly to help with the housing problem.
this illogical policy stems from the fact that insurance benefits war and industrial disability are higher than civilian disability. is, however, totally unfair that two persons on assistance with the same circumstances should security incomes simply because they ended position via different routes.
part 12|2 pages
I2 SOCIAL SECURITY, THE ECONOMY AND THE STATE
