ABSTRACT

A result of a conference at the University of Trier, Germany, this volume mirrors its goals:

* to provide an overview of recent advances in research on critical life events and the losses associated with them

* to collect and stimulate new perspectives for the analysis of these events

* to compare the psychology of victims experiencing stress and losses with the psychology of observers in their reactions to victims.

Designed to prevent developmental psychological myths in the area of life crises, this collection questions, on an empirical basis, the adequacy of several widespread generalizations. At the same time its contributors attempt to draw paths to conceptualizations and theories in general psychology and social psychology which promise to be helpful in analyzing and interpreting phenomena in the field of life crises.

part I|118 pages

The Impact of Specific Life Crises and Loss Experiences

chapter 1|20 pages

Bereavement and Health: Processes of Adjusting to the Loss of a Partner

ByWolfgang Stroebe, Margaret S. Stroebe

chapter 6|24 pages

Stress and Coping in the Context of Caring 1

ByDavid A. Chiriboga, Barbara W. K. Yee, Philip G. Weiler

part II|75 pages

The Impact of Views About Responsibilities and Avoidability

chapter 7|12 pages

Antecedents and Consequences of Causal Attributions for Critical Life Events

ByFriedrich Försterling

chapter 9|16 pages

Blame Avoidance: Toward an Attributional Intervention Program 1

ByKelly G. Shaver

chapter 10|15 pages

The Counterfactual Fallacy: Confusing What Might Have Been With What Ought to Have Been 1

ByDale T. Miller, William Turnbull

part III|103 pages

Ways of Dealing With Crises and Losses

chapter 11|17 pages

The Role of Similarity in Coping Through Downward Comparison 1

ByThomas Ashby Wills

chapter 12|15 pages

Social Comparison and Affiliation Under Threat 1

ByShelley E. Taylor, Bram P. Buunk, Rebecca L. Collins, Geoffrey M. Reed

chapter 13|25 pages

Employees' Reactions to an Anticipated Plant Closure: The Influence of Positive Illusions 1

ByMelvin J. Lerner, Darryl G. Somers

chapter 15|23 pages

Reality Negotiation and Valence/Linkage Self-Theories: Psychic Showdown at the “I'm OK” Corral and Beyond

ByCharles R. Snyder, Lori M. Irving, Sandra T. Sigmon, Sharon Holleran

part IV|39 pages

Developmental Perspectives on Coping With Loss

chapter 17|17 pages

Is it Coping or is it Growth? A Cognitive-Affective Model of Contentment in the Elderly 1

ByMelvin J. Lerner, Monique A. M. Gignac

part V|120 pages

Searching for Protective Factors

chapter 18|25 pages

Reconsidering Assumptions About Coping With Loss: An Overview of Current Research

ByCamille B. Wortman, Roxane Cohen Silver

chapter 19|18 pages

Mutual Impacts of Toughening on Crises and Losses

ByRichard A. Dienstbier

chapter 20|25 pages

Constructive Thinking and Mental and Physical Well-Being 1

BySeymour Epstein

chapter 21|23 pages

Trust and Trustworthiness

ByHans Werner Bierhoff

chapter 22|24 pages

Social Support and Mental Health: A Conceptual and Empirical Overview 1

ByRalf Schwarzer, Anja Leppin

part VI|60 pages

Understanding Social Responses to Victims

chapter 24|20 pages

Coping With Rape: A Social Psychological Perspective 1

ByBarbara Krahé

chapter 25|22 pages

Negative Social Reactions to Victims: An Overview of Responses and Their Determinants

ByTracy Bennett Herbert, Christine Dunkel-Schetter

part |10 pages

Methodological Comment

chapter 26|8 pages

Quandary: Correlation Coefficients and Contexts 1

ByRobyn M. Dawes