ABSTRACT

The Routledge Handbook of Francophone Africa brings together a multidisciplinary team of international experts to reflect on the history, politics, societies, and cultures of French-speaking parts of Africa.

Consisting of approximately 35% of Africa’s territory, Francophone Africa is a shifting concept, with its roots in French and Belgian colonial rule. This handbook develops and problematizes the term, with thematic sections covering:

  • Colonial and post-colonial ties between France and sub-Saharan Africa
  • Belgium, Belgian colonialism and Africa
  • The Maghreb
  • African Francophones in France
  • Francophone African literature and film
  • ‘Francophone’ and ‘Anglophone’ Africa
  • Beyond national boundaries and ‘colonial partners’

The chapters demonstrate the evolution of "Francophone Africa" into a multi-dimensional construct, with both a material and an imagined reality. Materially, it defines a regional territorial space that coexists with other conceptualisations of African space and borders. Conceptually, Francophone Africa constitutes a shared linguistic and cultural space within which collective memories are shared, not least through their connection to the French imperial imagination. Overall, the Handbook demonstrates that as global power structures and relations evolve, African agency is increasingly assertive in shaping French-African relations.

Bringing this important debate together into a single volume, this Handbook will be an essential resource for students and scholars interested in Francophone Africa.

chapter |19 pages

Introduction

section Section 1|126 pages

Colonial and post-colonial ties between France and sub-Saharan Africa

chapter 2|14 pages

Françafrique

chapter 3|14 pages

The durability of the Gendarme de l'Afrique

From empire to fighting terrorism

chapter 4|17 pages

Francophonie and Africa

Past, present and future perspectives

chapter 5|12 pages

France and Francophone Africa

An enduring financial and economic relationship faced with uncertainty

chapter 6|16 pages

Colonial medicine in French West Africa

Scientists for empire from the origins to independence 1960

chapter 8|17 pages

Reconciling with the past and looking to the future

The place of the Tirailleurs Sénégalais in post-colonial Senegal

section Section 2|47 pages

Belgium, Belgian colonialism and Africa

chapter 10|16 pages

Facing ghosts

Lumumba shadows 1

chapter 11|11 pages

Guilty imaginaries

Rethinking language and ethnicity in post-colonial Rwanda and Burundi

section Section 3|59 pages

The Maghreb

chapter 12|29 pages

Language policies in Algeria since 1962

Identity renewal in the light of realpolitik imperatives

chapter 14|16 pages

Maghrebi Francophonies

From the colonial to the postcolonial and beyond

section Section 4|85 pages

African Francophones in France

chapter 15|17 pages

‘A great gang of black and brown humanity’

The lives and politics of African migrants in twentieth-century France: from vagabonds and transients to maritime labourers and intellectuals

chapter 16|12 pages

Postcolonial migration, racism and culture

France and North Africa

chapter 19|16 pages

The road to 2005

How the memory of colonialism in France became a substitute for race

section Section 5|46 pages

Francophone African literature and film

section Section 6|46 pages

‘Francophone’ and ‘Anglophone’ Africa

chapter 23|18 pages

‘Francophones’ and ‘Anglophones’ in Cameroon

Official bilingualism, language competition and everyday practice

chapter 25|17 pages

The Commonwealth nations and ‘francophone’ Africa

Bridging the colonial divides?

section Section 7|40 pages

Beyond national boundaries and ‘colonial partners’

chapter 26|8 pages

Pan-Africanism in francophone West Africa

Continuity versus rupture

chapter 27|15 pages

Francophone Africa beyond ‘colonial partners’

French-speaking countries' economic cooperation with China

chapter 28|15 pages

From regional organizations to ad hoc coalitions for interventions

Francophone Africa and contemporary security challenges