ABSTRACT

This work highlights contemporary approaches to resource utilization and provides comprehensive coverage of technological advances in residuum conversion. It illustrates state-of-the-art engineering methods for the refinement of heavy oils, bitumen, and other high-sulphur feedstocks.

chapter l|21 pages

i of of

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part 23|1 pages

4.6 Coal Liquids

chapter |18 pages

REFERENCES

chapter 2|21 pages

UlTIMATE (ElEMENTAl) COMPOSITION

chapter |12 pages

Chemical Methods

chapter 2|25 pages

PHYSICAl PROPERTIES

chapter |3 pages

REFERENCES

part c|1 pages

_1 v_ 1-

chapter |3 pages

= X 1 the intensive molar reaction extent per volume in moles per liter (mol/

s" the normalized reaction extent per volume, in moles per unit mass: s' (= sl (= sl

part |1 pages

(cccn) _ exp(b.G)

chapter c|9 pages

Steady-State Approximation and Catalysis

part |2 pages

REFERENCES

chapter 2|5 pages

Heat of Formation and Heat of Reaction

chapter 4|3 pages

Second Law of Thermodynamics: Chemical Equilibrium

= (- flH) dX = (- flH)R*

part |2 pages

dG=L = L L =

chapter |10 pages

LEe,j dN

(_·-+lnx) + lnx-- = of

chapter |6 pages

or (8.31) can be expressed

chapter 6|11 pages

CORRECTION CALCULATIONS

part |1 pages

his the molar enthalpy (kJ/mol) and Q* is the rate of heat exchange (kJ/s or

chapter |12 pages

]. b.H

chapter |4 pages

= dT T-T

part |1 pages

cdJ;' = T)

part |2 pages

= 1 and

chapter |16 pages

( t-

part |1 pages

+ (ilv

chapter |6 pages

oft and in Terms of Gradients for

chapter |3 pages

If =

= (1 '"!_,

chapter v|4 pages

. = v ' v

= ../=1

chapter |6 pages

alv,)a/ in Eq. (11.83). The kinematic

chapter |10 pages

off(

chapter |4 pages

= In

chapter 248|8 pages

(Po-

0.875-3- + (1

chapter |5 pages

hP(T-

chapter |5 pages

5Jx)< 8(x)

chapter |11 pages

_ r (

chapter |29 pages

\ /s

chapter |11 pages

+ +Be= + + Bc)](Ki\PA + + KcPc)

+en+ = +en+ = ____

chapter |25 pages

+ (C- =B+Y-C

---·

chapter |15 pages

~ · J

chapter |39 pages

r-------------------,--------r----------------

\---l!l>

chapter 3|14 pages

Moving-Bed Processes

chapter 0|19 pages

) are also essentially inef-

chapter |40 pages

K, of

chapter |6 pages

' / / I IIIII

chapter |29 pages

REFERENCES

chapter |39 pages

~m"y Purge

chapter |17 pages

Tervahl Process

part |2 pages

r----•Gas

chapter 4|44 pages

3F Process

chapter |22 pages

0--l>J

chapter |6 pages

REFERENCES

chapter |7 pages

~ -·--------

------

chapter 1|9 pages

..-:lL--.

chapter |13 pages

Glossary

chapter |6 pages

of a family of com-

chapter |14 pages

It is capable of