ABSTRACT
Covering all aspects of the anatomy, physiology, diagnosis, and treatment of hearing loss, this Fourth Edition offers new information on current diagnostic technologies, the latest concepts in the medical management of hearing impairment, the care and management of tinnitus, and the clinical control of disequilibrium-offering a comprehensive review
TABLE OF CONTENTS
chapter 1|6 pages
Hearing Loss: An Overview
of good hearing can hardly be overestimated, it has not been
chapter 3|4 pages
1. Intensity
of comparison, a ratio, between two sound pressures. In of measurement with an absolute value, such as an inch or a of the decibel is based on the pressure of one sound or reference of another sound is compared. Thus, a sound of 60 dB is
chapter 4|4 pages
dBA MEASUREMENT
of these filters allows one to approximate the of a given noise over the audible spectrum (Figs. 2.11 and 2.12). of a noise can be approximated by comparing the of the of noise-
chapter 2|5 pages
5. Systematic Evaluation of hearing trouble in his left ear, and the otoscopic
or on the teeth,
chapter 8|8 pages
3. Self-Recording Audiometry
or even by all otologists. Some schools and of money. of hearing testing and is interested in optimal results, 9.2. Tests for Ambient Noise or not a room is satisfactory for testing
chapter 69|2 pages
of audiometers, it may be
of instruments. of the instrument should not be taken for granted following a factory REFERENCE
chapter 14|10 pages
AVOIDING ERRORS IN AUDIOMETRY (PITFALLS) of audiometry it is important to avoid certain errors and pitfalls
of time, except in situations of the tone. of the threshold testing. Taking too long to do an
chapter 7|14 pages
Special Hearing Tests
l. The Difference Between Audiometric Threshold Levels and Discrimination
chapter |10 pages
of any hearing threshold. PGSR is rarely used
if he does not hear it, whenever some advantage or remuneration is at stake, such as obtain- 7. TESTING FOR AUDITORY TONE DECAY of damage in the inner ear, abnormal tone of pressure on or damage to the audi-
chapter |1 pages
of the traveling wave initiated amplitude
of the outer hair cells such as noise-induced hearing loss, of OAE's may be clinically useful in monitoring
chapter 8|4 pages
Auditory-Evoked Phenomena: Theory and Clinical Applications 0 • 0 0 •• 0 • ••••• 0 •• 0 0 •••• 0 0 • 0
Mark T. Agrama Robert T. Sataloff
chapter |1 pages
of acoustic neuroma. The most common
OTOACOUSTIC EMISSIONS of the basilar membrane generated by of ECOG and ABR, OAEs of the outer hair
chapter |4 pages
Loss
10. TREACHER COLLINS SYNDROME of congenital aplasia is so distinctive that it warrants separate consideration. In
chapter 24|1 pages
RUPTURED EARDRUM 24.1. Definition
or by if the rupture was caused by a force severe enough to impair the ossicular chain, but >30 dB and involves almost all frequencies. Figure 9.12 shows an of hearing loss caused by a ruptured eardrum. 25. SPARK IN THE EARDRUM In industry a spark may hit the eardrum and have a severe effect on hearing. Figure 9.13
chapter |1 pages
of these distinguishing features will be described briefly
of neural deafness of long standing, because many sensory hearing
chapter |4 pages
of speech is increased; (e) lateralization
of an acoustic of nerve deafness per se; but if present, it is likely to be
chapter |7 pages
et al.
of hearing response, both subjective and objective, is necessary, Li (33) treated patients who had failed to respond
chapter |28 pages
of Hearing Loss
of the rash of rubella is from of the disease in children. Rubella may cause lymph node enlargement
chapter 15|23 pages
RESEARCH of tinnitus poses unique problems. Paramount is the fact that
of tinnitus, such as earwax impacted against an
chapter 21|10 pages
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Temporal Bone
Temporal Bone Mikhail Vaysberg Robert Sataloff
chapter |10 pages
of Temporal Bone
and grafted. The zygoma and ascending ramus of mandibular are transected and removed. The posterior infratemporal space is inspected. Total parotidectomy, facial nerve transection, and radical neck dissection are performed. The facial nerve distal stump is tagged for future anastomosis procedures. Subtemporal craniotomy is performed to isolate the internal auditory canal. It is accessed and CN VII and CN VIII
chapter |8 pages
of Temporal Bone 565
of the patients will present within 24 months after initial surgery. The average of presentation is 4- of patients will succumb to SCCA within 18 months from the time of the diagnosis.
chapter 4|1 pages
2. Pathology The microscopic appearance of MFH includes rounded histiocytic cells mixed with
It is thought that MFH arises from a primitive mesenchymal cell of patients; however, neck dissection is not suggested of clinically positive nodes {54,55).
chapter |21 pages
or microscopic disease,
of seven children died of distant metastatic disease (56). Nakayama et al. (54) of head and neck MFH which involved bone was of their treatment philosophy. They suggested that postoperative chemo-
chapter |3 pages
Thl cells (47,48). The Th2 cytokine,
of the essential nutrients (46) (cysteine, methionine, arginine, of viruses such as HIV by inactivating
chapter |1 pages
of infection (p = 0.005) and a reduced hospital stay of 2.3 days
18. INFLAMMATION: ESSENTIAL NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY RESULTING IN IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION of the most pervasive causes of disease and disability. Treatment of inflammation is provided by anti-inflammatory medications that fall into two major
chapter 25|19 pages
Tables Summarizing Differential Diagnosis
Robert T. Sataloff and Joseph Sataloff of hearing loss, associated symp- of the common and
chapter 689|2 pages
2. Few or other associated brain or spinal cord tumors. 3. Main age of onset is 27 years, only 12% have meningiomas. Wishart's subtype (severe form)
I. Childhood cataracts and early death due to cranial and spinal menin- giomas and schwannomas. 2. Average age of presentation 14 years, > 70% incidence of meningiomas.