ABSTRACT

Why does North Korea behave erratically in pursuing its nuclear weapons program? Why did the United States prefer bilateral alliances to multilateral ones in Asia after World War II? Why did China become "nice"—no more military coercion—in dealing with the pro-independence Taiwan President Chen Shuibian after 2000? Why did China compromise in the negotiation of the Chunxiao gas exploration in 2008 while Japan became provocative later in the Sino-Japanese disputes in the East China Sea? North Korea’s nuclear behavior, U.S. alliance strategy, China’s Taiwan policy, and Sino-Japanese territorial disputes are all important examples of seemingly irrational foreign policy decisions that have determined regional stability and Asian security.

By examining major events in Asian security, this book investigates why and how leaders make risky and seemingly irrational decisions in international politics. The authors take the innovative step of integrating the neoclassical realist framework in political science and prospect theory in psychology. Their analysis suggests that political leaders are more likely to take risky actions when their vital interests and political legitimacy are seriously threatened. For each case, the authors first discuss the weaknesses of some of the prevailing arguments, mainly from rationalist and constructivist theorizing, and then offer an alternative explanation based on their political legitimacy-prospect theory model.

This pioneering book tests and expands prospect theory to the study of Asian security and challenges traditional, expected-utility-based, rationalist theories of foreign policy behavior.

chapter 2|32 pages

“Why is there no NATO in Asia” Revisited

U.S. Alliance Strategy under Risk

chapter 3|22 pages

North Korea goes Nuclear

Rational Decisions and Risky Behavior

chapter 4|22 pages

China's Policy Toward Taiwan under Risk

Between Military Coercion and Political Pressure

chapter 5|21 pages

China-Japan Territorial Disputes in the East China Sea

Risky Behavior during Power Transition

chapter 6|15 pages

Rational Leaders and Risky Decisions

Risk-Taking Behavior in World Politics