ABSTRACT

The Routledge Encyclopedia of Second Language Acquisition offers a user-friendly, authoritative survey of terms and constructs that are important to understanding research in second language acquisition (SLA) and its applications. The Encyclopedia is designed for use as a reference tool by students, researchers, teachers and professionals with an interest in SLA. The Encyclopedia has the following features:


• 252 alphabetized entries written in an accessible style, including cross references to other related entries in the Encyclopedia and suggestions for further reading  

 • Among these, 9 survey entries that cover the foundational areas of SLA in detail: Development in SLA, Discourse and Pragmatics in SLA, Individual Differences in SLA, Instructed SLA, Language and the Lexicon in SLA, Measuring and Researching SLA, Psycholingustics of SLA, Social and Sociocultural Approaches to SLA, Theoretical Constructs in SLA.

• The rest of the entries cover all the major subdisciplines, methodologies and concepts of SLA, from “Accommodation” to the “ZISA project.”

Written by an international team of specialists, the Routledge Encyclopedia of Second Language Acquisition is an invaluable resource for students and researchers with an academic interest in SLA.

letter |63 pages

A

entry |2 pages

Accommodation

entry |2 pages

Acculturation Model

entry |1 pages

Acquisition of Motion Expressions

entry |3 pages

Acquisition of Tense and Aspect

entry |2 pages

Activity Theory and SLA

entry |2 pages

Affordance

entry |4 pages

Age Effects in SLA

entry |2 pages

Agreement

entry |1 pages

Alignment

entry |1 pages

Amygdala

entry |2 pages

Analogical Mapping in Construction Learning

entry |1 pages

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

entry |1 pages

Analysis-Control Model

entry |2 pages

Anxiety

entry |1 pages

Aptitude-Trait Complexes

entry |4 pages

Aptitude

entry |4 pages

Aptitude-Treatment Interaction (ATI) Research

entry |4 pages

Artificial Language Learning (ALL)

entry |2 pages

Aspect Hypothesis (AH)

entry |4 pages

Attention in SLA

entry |1 pages

Attitudes and Motivation Test Battery (AMTB)

entry |2 pages

Attitudes to the L2

entry |3 pages

Attrition

entry |2 pages

Autistic Savants

entry |4 pages

Automaticity

entry |3 pages

Autonomous Induction Theory

entry |3 pages

Awareness

letter |6 pages

B

entry |2 pages

Basic Variety

entry |1 pages

BICS and CALP

entry |3 pages

Bilingualism and SLA

letter |87 pages

C

entry |2 pages

Case Studies

entry |4 pages

Child Second Language Acquisition

entry |3 pages

Chunking and Prefabrication

entry |4 pages

Classroom Interaction Research

entry |1 pages

Code-Switching

entry |1 pages

Cognition Hypothesis (CH)

entry |4 pages

Cognitive Aging

entry |2 pages

Cognitive Linguistics and SLA

entry |2 pages

Cohesion and Coherence

entry |3 pages

Collostructions

entry |3 pages

Communicative Competence

entry |2 pages

Community of Practice

entry |3 pages

Competition Model (CM)

entry |3 pages

Complexity Theory/Dynamic Systems Theory

entry |4 pages

Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL)

entry |3 pages

Concept-Oriented Approach to Second Language Acquisition (CoA)

entry |2 pages

Conceptual Span

entry |2 pages

Conceptual Transfer

entry |3 pages

Connectionism and SLA

entry |2 pages

Construal and Perspective Taking

entry |3 pages

Construction Learning

entry |3 pages

Content-Based Language Teaching

entry |1 pages

Context of Situation

entry |2 pages

Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH)

entry |3 pages

Conversation Analysis (CA)

entry |5 pages

Corpus Analysis

entry |3 pages

Corrective Feedback (Oral)

entry |2 pages

Correlation

entry |2 pages

Creativity

entry |5 pages

Critical Period Hypothesis (CPH)

entry |4 pages

Cross-Linguistic Influence (CLI)

entry |1 pages

Cross-Sectional Research

letter |41 pages

D

entry |4 pages

Declarative Memory and Knowledge

entry |4 pages

Declarative/Procedural Model (DP)

entry |1 pages

Depth of Processing

entry |8 pages

Development in Second Language Acquisition

entry |4 pages

Developmental Sequences

entry |1 pages

Dialogic Inquiry

entry |8 pages

Discourse and Pragmatics in SLA

entry |3 pages

Discourse Completion Task (DCT)

entry |5 pages

Discourse Processing

entry |1 pages

Distributed Cognition

entry |2 pages

Dynamic Assessment

letter |39 pages

E

entry |3 pages

Ecology of Language Learning

entry |2 pages

Effect Size

entry |1 pages

Embodiment

entry |1 pages

Emergence Criterion

entry |4 pages

Emergentism

entry |2 pages

Emotions

entry |1 pages

Entrenchment

entry |2 pages

Episodic Memory

entry |2 pages

Error Analysis

entry |5 pages

Ethnographic Research

entry |1 pages

European Science Foundation (ESF) Project

entry |4 pages

Event-Related Potentials (ERP)

entry |4 pages

Executive Control and Frontal Cortex

entry |5 pages

Explicit Learning

entry |2 pages

Eye Tracking

letter |38 pages

F

entry |2 pages

Factor Analysis (FA)

entry |2 pages

Flooding

entry |4 pages

Fluency

entry |5 pages

Focus on Form (FonF)

entry |3 pages

Form-Meaning Connection (FMC)

entry |4 pages

Formulaic Language

entry |4 pages

Fossilization

entry |5 pages

Frequency Effects

entry |2 pages

Functional Categories

entry |2 pages

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

entry |2 pages

Functional Typological Linguistics

entry |3 pages

Fundamental Difference Hypothesis (FDH)

letter |8 pages

G

entry |2 pages

Generalizability

entry |2 pages

Generative Linguistics

entry |3 pages

Gestures and SLA

entry |1 pages

Grammatical Encoding

letter |6 pages

H

entry |4 pages

Heritage Language Acquisition

entry |2 pages

Hypothesis Testing

letter |58 pages

I

entry |3 pages

Identity Theory

entry |2 pages

Idiomaticity

entry |1 pages

Implicational Scaling

entry |2 pages

Implicational Universals

entry |2 pages

Implicature

entry |4 pages

Implicit Learning

entry |6 pages

Individual Differences in SLA

entry |1 pages

Inflectional Morphemes

entry |2 pages

Inhibitory Control

entry |2 pages

Initial State

entry |4 pages

Input Enhancement

entry |2 pages

Institutional Talk

entry |8 pages

Instructed Second Language Acquisition

entry |2 pages

Intake

entry |2 pages

Intelligibility in SLA

entry |4 pages

Interaction and the Interaction Hypothesis

entry |1 pages

Interactional Instinct

entry |2 pages

Interdependence Hypothesis

entry |4 pages

Interlanguage

entry |1 pages

Inter-Rater Reliability

entry |1 pages

Investment

entry |2 pages

Involvement Load Hypothesis (ILH)

letter |59 pages

L

entry |5 pages

L2 Phonology

entry |2 pages

Language (Task) Switching

entry |7 pages

Language and the Lexicon in SLA

entry |4 pages

Language Testing and SLA

entry |3 pages

Language Typology and Language Distance

entry |3 pages

Lateralization

entry |2 pages

Learned Attention and Blocking

entry |5 pages

Learning Disabilities and Second (foreign) Language Learning

entry |2 pages

Learning Strategies

entry |3 pages

Levelt's Model of Speech Production and Comprehension

entry |4 pages

Lexical Access and Selection in Bilingual Language Production

entry |3 pages

Lexical Concepts

entry |1 pages

Limited Capacity Hypothesis

entry |2 pages

Linguistic Coding Differences Hypothesis (LCDH)

entry |4 pages

Linguistic Relativity in SLA

entry |4 pages

Linguistic Transfer

entry |4 pages

Listening

entry |1 pages

Longitudinal Research

letter |48 pages

M

entry |4 pages

Markedness

entry |2 pages

Markedness Differential Hypothesis (MDH)

entry |9 pages

Measuring and Researching SLA

entry |3 pages

Meta-Analysis

entry |2 pages

Metaphor

entry |2 pages

Minimalist Program

entry |2 pages

Mirror Neurons

entry |2 pages

Mixed Methods Research

entry |2 pages

Modern Language Aptitude Test (MLAT)

entry |2 pages

Modularity

entry |1 pages

MOGUL Framework for SLA

entry |3 pages

Monitor Model

entry |2 pages

Monitoring

entry |2 pages

Morpheme Acquisition Orders

entry |4 pages

Motivation

entry |3 pages

Multi-Competence

entry |1 pages

Multifunctionality

entry |2 pages

Myelination

letter |14 pages

N

entry |2 pages

Native Speaker

entry |3 pages

Naturalistic and Instructed Language Learning

entry |4 pages

Negotiation of Meaning

entry |2 pages

Neuroimaging

entry |3 pages

Noticing Hypothesis

letter |5 pages

O

entry |2 pages

One-to-One Principle

entry |1 pages

Operating Principles

entry |2 pages

Output Hypothesis

letter |63 pages

P

entry |3 pages

Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP) Models in SLA

entry |4 pages

Parsing Sentences

entry |4 pages

Pausology and Hesitation Phenomena in SLA

entry |2 pages

Person-in-Situation Approaches to SLA

entry |2 pages

Phonological Short-Term Memory (PSTM)

entry |3 pages

Pidginization and Creolization

entry |3 pages

Planning Time

entry |4 pages

Politeness

entry |1 pages

Positive and Negative Evidence

entry |2 pages

Pragmalinguistics

entry |4 pages

Pragmatics

entry |4 pages

Priming

entry |1 pages

Private Speech

entry |3 pages

Procedural Memory and Knowledge

entry |6 pages

Processability Theory (PT)

entry |2 pages

Processing Instruction (PI)

entry |3 pages

Proficiency

entry |2 pages

Protocol Analysis

entry |1 pages

Prototypes

entry |9 pages

Psycholinguistics of Second Language Acquisition

letter |9 pages

Q

entry |4 pages

Qualitative Research

entry |3 pages

Quantitative Research

entry |2 pages

Questionnaire Research

letter |18 pages

R

entry |2 pages

Reaction Time (RT)

entry |5 pages

Reading

entry |2 pages

Recasts

entry |2 pages

Rehearsal

entry |2 pages

Relative Clauses

entry |2 pages

Replication Research

entry |3 pages

Revised Hierarchical Model (RHM)

letter |62 pages

S

entry |2 pages

Scaffolding

entry |3 pages

Schemata

entry |1 pages

Scope

entry |3 pages

Second Dialect Acquisition

entry |4 pages

Second Language Socialization

entry |3 pages

Self-Repair

entry |3 pages

Semantic Processing

entry |1 pages

Significance Level

entry |3 pages

Simplification

entry |8 pages

Social and Socio-Cultural Approaches to SLA

entry |4 pages

Sociocognitive Approaches to Second Language Acquisition

entry |2 pages

Sociopragmatics

entry |5 pages

Speaking

entry |3 pages

Speech Acts

entry |3 pages

Speech Perception and SLA

entry |2 pages

Speech Rate

entry |2 pages

Statistical Learning

entry |1 pages

Stimulated Recall

entry |2 pages

Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)

entry |3 pages

Study Abroad and SLA

entry |2 pages

Symbolic Mediation

entry |2 pages

Systemic Functional Linguistics

letter |38 pages

T

entry |2 pages

T-Tests

entry |1 pages

TalkBank

entry |1 pages

Target-Like-Use (TLU) Analysis

entry |4 pages

Task-Based Language Teaching and Learning

entry |2 pages

Teacher Talk

entry |7 pages

Theoretical Constructs in SLA

entry |3 pages

Thinking for Speaking

entry |4 pages

Third Language Acquisition

entry |2 pages

Threshold Hypothesis

entry |1 pages

Time-Series Design

entry |1 pages

Topicalization

entry |3 pages

Transfer Appropriate Processing

entry |2 pages

Triarchic Theory of Intelligence

entry |1 pages

Triggering

entry |2 pages

Turn Taking

entry |2 pages

Type and Token Frequency in SLA

letter |15 pages

U

entry |3 pages

U-Shaped Learning and Overgeneralization

entry |2 pages

Units for Analysing L2 Speaking

entry |3 pages

Units for Analyzing L2 Writing

entry |4 pages

Universal Grammar (UG) and SLA

entry |3 pages

Uptake

letter |9 pages

V

entry |2 pages

Variance

entry |3 pages

Variationist Approaches to SLA

entry |4 pages

Vocabulary Learning and Teaching

letter |21 pages

W

entry |2 pages

Wh-Questions

entry |3 pages

Willingness to Communicate (WTC)

entry |3 pages

Word Knowledge

entry |5 pages

Working Memory

entry |4 pages

World Englishes

entry |4 pages

Writing

letter |2 pages

Z

entry |2 pages

ZISA Project