ABSTRACT

The Global 1980s takes an international perspective on the upheaval across the world during the long 1980s (1979–1991) with the end of the Cold War, a move towards a free-market economic system, and the increasing connectedness of the world.

The 1980s was a decade of unimaginable change. At its start, dictatorships across the world appeared stable, the state was still seen as having a role to play in ensuring people’s well-being, and the Cold War seemed set to continue long into the future. By the end of the decade, dictatorships had fallen, globalisation was on the march and the opening of the Berlin Wall paved the way for the end of the Cold War. Divided into four chronological parts, sixteen chapters on themes including domestic politics, the global spread of democracy, international relations and global concerns including AIDS, acid rain and nuclear war, explore how world-wide change was initiated both from above and below. The book covers such topics as ideological changes in the liberal democratic west and socialist east, protests against nuclear weapons and for democratic governance, global environmental worries, and the end of apartheid in South Africa.

Offering an overview of a decade in transition, as the global order established after 1945 broke down and a new, globalised world order emerged, and supported by case studies from across the world, this truly global book is an essential resource for students and scholars of the long 1980s and the twentieth century more generally.

chapter |6 pages

Introduction

part 1|2 pages

1979–1982

chapter 1|14 pages

Revolutions in east and west

8Iran and Nicaragua

chapter 2|16 pages

Thatcher, Reagan and free markets

Ghost towns, rust belts and a new individualism

chapter 3|15 pages

Inside the Soviet bloc

The end of détente and the rise of Solidarność

chapter 4|17 pages

Africa and decolonisation

Twenty years after the ‘winds of change’

part 2|2 pages

1983–1985

chapter 5|14 pages

Changes in China

73The consequences of Deng Xiaoping’s reforms

chapter 6|10 pages

Bombs, jobs and famine

Music and global concerns

chapter 7|17 pages

Global crises

AIDS, acid rain and the ozone layer

chapter 8|13 pages

Mikhail Gorbachev

New man, new thinking

part 3|2 pages

1986–1988

chapter 9|9 pages

Making a ‘modern’ decade

129Computers, videos and yuppies

chapter 10|8 pages

The first wave of Indian liberalisation

The Rajiv Gandhi era

chapter 11|9 pages

South Korea’s twisted path to democracy

chapter 12|16 pages

The Middle East in turmoil

Iran–Iraq and the first intifada

part 4|2 pages

1989–1991

chapter 14|15 pages

Latin America’s transition to democracy

Chile and Haiti

chapter 15|14 pages

‘Free Nelson Mandela’

The end of apartheid in South Africa

chapter 16|17 pages

The communist world breaks

chapter |7 pages

Conclusion