ABSTRACT

In order to fully understand the evolution and future growth of economic systems, we must draw on the lessons of economic history. The 2008 Financial Crisis, for example, mirrored past economic meltdowns with uncanny accuracy. Just like the Great Depression of the 1930s and the Savings and Loan Crisis of the 1980s, it featured deregulated lenders taking incredible risks with other people’s money. Historical analysis is crucial to understanding trends and patterns that can help us predict the future.

This text presents a ground-breaking, pluralistic introduction to economic history and the history of economic thought. Tracing the development of economic systems and economic thought, the text introduces students to the story from ancient times to contemporary capitalism, and also its critics. Focusing in particular on Smith, Marx, Veblen, and Keynes, the text encourages students to consider which ideas and systems are still relevant in the modern world. This book can be used as a standalone text for relevant classes or as a supplement in any principles course.

part I|2 pages

Economics

chapter 1|19 pages

What is economics?

The answer depends on who you ask

chapter 2|21 pages

Scarcity, choice, and opportunity cost

The mainstream approach, the PPC model, the limits of this approach, and the importance of institutions

part II|2 pages

The evolution of economic ideas and systems

chapter 3|25 pages

The evolution of pre-capitalist economic systems

From communal societies to empires, feudalism, and mercantilism

chapter 4|19 pages

Adam Smith and the rise of capitalism

The era of laissez-faire

chapter 5|20 pages

Karl Marx and the dark ages of capitalism

Historical materialism, surplus value, and the exploitation of labor

chapter 6|23 pages

Thorstein Veblen and monopoly capitalism

The rise of manufacturing and the fall of laissez-faire

chapter 7|27 pages

Keynes and mixed market capitalism

How to save capitalism from itself

chapter 8|24 pages

Modern economic systems

Market Dominated, Social Market, and State Dominated Economies