ABSTRACT

This collection of essays seeks to demonstrate that many biblical authors deliberately used Classical and Hellenistic Greek texts for inspiration when crafting many of the narratives in the Primary History.

Through detailed analysis of the text, Gnuse contends that there are numerous examples of clear influence from late classical and Hellenistic literature. Deconstructing the biblical and Greek works in parallel, he argues that there are too many similarities in basic theme, meaning, and detail, for them to be accounted for by coincidence or shared ancient tropes. Using this evidence, he suggests that although much of the text may originate from the Persian period, large parts of its final form likely date from the Hellenistic era.

With the help of an original introduction and final chapter, Gnuse pulls his essays together into a coherent collection for the first time. The resultant volume offers a valuable resource for anyone working on the dating of the Hebrew Bible, as well as those working on Hellenism in the ancient Levant more broadly.

chapter |6 pages

Introduction

An intellectual odyssey

chapter 1|27 pages

A Hellenistic First Testament?

The views of minimalist scholars 1

chapter 2|13 pages

Spilt water

Tales of David in 2 Sam 23:13–17 and of Alexander in Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander 6.26.1–3 1

chapter 3|14 pages

Abducted wives

A Hellenistic narrative in Judges 21? 1

chapter 4|22 pages

From prison to prestige

The hero who helps a king in Jewish and Greek literature 1

chapter 6|19 pages

Greek connections

Genesis 1–11 and the poetry of Hesiod 1

chapter 8|7 pages

Heed your steeds

Achilles’ horses and Balaam’s donkey 1

chapter 9|19 pages

Samson and Heracles revisited 1

chapter 10|15 pages

The sacrificed maiden

Iphigenia and Jephthah’s daughter 1