ABSTRACT

This book outlines the complexity in understanding different forms of cyber attacks, the actors involved, and their motivations. It explores the key challenges in investigating and prosecuting politically motivated cyber attacks, the lack of consistency within regulatory frameworks, and the grey zone that this creates, for cybercriminals to operate within.

Connecting diverse literatures on cyberwarfare, cyberterrorism, and cyberprotests, and categorising the different actors involved – state-sponsored/supported groups, hacktivists, online protestors – this book compares the means and methods used in attacks, the various attackers, and the current strategies employed by cybersecurity agencies. It examines the current legislative framework and proposes ways in which it could be reconstructed, moving beyond the traditional and fragmented definitions used to manage offline violence.

This book is an important contribution to the study of cyber attacks within the areas of criminology, criminal justice, law, and policy. It is a compelling reading for all those engaged in cybercrime, cybersecurity, and digital forensics.

chapter 1|17 pages

Introduction

chapter 2|29 pages

The Growing Online Threat

The Actors

chapter 3|31 pages

Cyber Attacks, Means, and Methods

chapter 4|34 pages

Cybersecurity and Strategies

chapter 5|45 pages

Cyberwar and Warfare

State and State-sponsored Attacks

chapter 6|43 pages

Cyberterrorism and Ransomware

State-supported Groups

chapter 7|43 pages

Other Politically Motivated Attacks

Political Activists and Hacktivists

chapter 8|18 pages

Conclusion