ABSTRACT
From chatelaines to whale blubber, ice making machines to stained glass, this six-volume collection will be of interest to the scholar, student or general reader alike - anyone who has an urge to learn more about Victorian things. The set brings together a range of primary sources on Victorian material culture and discusses the most significant developments in material history from across the nineteenth century. The collection will demonstrate the significance of objects in the everyday lives of the Victorians and addresses important questions about how we classify and categorise nineteenth-century things.
This second volume, ‘Science and Medicine’, will examine objects (from the most significant to the most obscure) that played a part in nineteenth-century scientific developments.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
part 1|310 pages
Practice
part 1.1|9 pages
Natural philosophy
chapter 1|5 pages
George Adams, ‘On the Nature and Properties of Air’
Lectures on Natural and Experimental Philosophy, Considered in it's [sic] Present State of Improvement, Vol. 1, 1st edition (London: R. Hindmarsh, 1794), pp. 1–12
part 1.2|19 pages
Astronomy and navigation
chapter 2|5 pages
Neville Maskelyne, ‘Draft Instructions for John Crosley to Go on a Voyage to New Holland on Board HMS Investigator’
Manuscript, signed 7 March 1801
chapter 3|4 pages
John Frederick William Herschel, ‘Of the Nature of Astronomical Instruments and Observations in General’
A Treatise on Astronomy, 1st ed. (London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, Longman, and John Taylor, 1833), pp. 64–70
chapter 4|4 pages
George Biddell Airy, ‘Astronomy’
J. F. W. Herschel (ed.), A Manual of Scientific Enquiry: Prepared for the use of Her Majesty's Navy, and Adapted for Travellers in General, 1st ed. (London: John Murray, 1849), pp. 1–10
part 1.3|22 pages
Meteorology
chapter 5|3 pages
Luke Howard, ‘Of the Barometer’
The Climate of London, Deduced from Meteorological Observations Made in the Metropolis and at Various Places around It, Vol. 1, 2nd ed. (London: Harvey and Darton, J. and A. Arch, Longman, Hatchard, S. Highley [and] R. Hunter, 1833), pp. viii–xi
chapter 6|12 pages
John Frederick William Herschel, ‘Of Meteorological Instruments; and First, of the Barometer and its Attached Thermometer’
J. F. W. Herschel (ed.), A Manual of Scientific Enquiry: Prepared for the use of Her Majesty's Navy, and Adapted for Travellers in General, 1st ed. (London: John Murray, 1849), pp. 273–280
chapter 7|3 pages
Robert H. Scott, ‘Kew Marine Barometer’
Instructions in the Use of Meteorological Instruments (London: HMSO, 1875), pp. 19–22
part 1.4|15 pages
Geography and exploration
chapter 8|9 pages
Francis Galton, ‘Letter Addressed by Francis Galton, Esq., to the Secretary’
‘Hints to Travellers’, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, 24 (1854), pp. 345–353
chapter 9|2 pages
William Ford Stanley, ‘Packing of Instruments’
Surveying and Levelling Instruments Theoretically and Practically Described (London: E. and F. N. Spon, 1890), pp. 21–23
part 1.5|20 pages
Metrology
chapter 10|14 pages
Charles Piazzi Smyth, ‘Instrumentals’
Life and Work at the Great Pyramid, Vol. 1 (Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas, 1867), pp. 272–311
part 1.6|44 pages
Natural history
chapter 11|8 pages
Charles Darwin, ‘Geology’
J. F. W. Herschel (ed.), A Manual of Scientific Inquiry; Prepared for the use of Her Majesty's Navy: And Adapted for Travellers in General, 1st ed. (London: John Murray 1849), pp. 157–195
chapter 12|23 pages
Richard Owen, ‘Zoology’
J. F. W. Herschel (ed.), A Manual of Scientific Inquiry; Prepared for the use of Her Majesty's Navy: And Adapted for Travellers in General, 1st ed. (London: John Murray 1849), pp. 343–389
chapter 13|5 pages
William Hooker, ‘Botany’
J. F. W. Herschel (ed.), A Manual of Scientific Inquiry; Prepared for the use of Her Majesty's Navy: And Adapted for Travellers in General, 1st ed. (London: John Murray 1849), pp. 400–407
chapter 14|2 pages
J. C. Prichard, ‘Ethnology’
J. F. W. Herschel (ed.), A Manual of Scientific Inquiry; Prepared for the use of Her Majesty's Navy: And Adapted for Travellers in General, 1st ed. (London: John Murray 1849), pp. 423–427
part 1.7|26 pages
Microscopy
chapter 15|15 pages
Charles R. Goring, ‘On Mr. Tulley's Thick Aplanatic Object-Glasses, for Diverging Rays; with an Account of a Few Microscopic Test Objects’
Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature, and the Arts, 22 (1827), pp. 265–284 [with plate]
chapter 16|3 pages
Jabez Hogg, ‘Introduction’, in The Microscope
(London: W. S. Orr, 1854), pp. [v]–viii
chapter 17|4 pages
Charles Darwin, ‘On the Use of the Microscope on Board Ship’
J. F. W. Herschel (ed.), A Manual of Scientific Enquiry: Prepared for the use of Her Majesty's Navy, and Adapted for Travellers in General, 1st ed. (London: John Murray, 1849), pp. 389–393 [with additional illustration]
part 1.8|22 pages
Medicine
chapter 18|7 pages
René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laennec, ‘Introduction’, and John Forbes, ‘Explanation of the Plates’
A Treatise on the Diseases of the Chest, and on Mediate Auscultation, trans. by John Forbes, 4th ed. (London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, 1834), pp. 4–8, 673–675 [with plates I and II]
chapter 19|3 pages
D. M. Cammann, ‘An Historical Sketch of the Stethoscope’
Transactions of the Second Annual Meeting of the American Climatological Association (New York: Appleton & Co., 1886), pp. 170–174
chapter 20|3 pages
Charles Denison, ‘The Essentials of a Good Stethoscope’
Medical Record, 42:17 (1892), pp. 494–495
chapter 21|5 pages
K. Schall, ‘Apparatus for Roentgen X Rays’ and ‘Franklinisation’
Electro-Medical Instruments and their Management, and Illustrated Price List of Electro-Medical Apparatus, 5th ed. (Bristol: John Wright & Co., 1896), pp. 39–42, 51–52
part 1.9|26 pages
Chemistry
chapter 22|20 pages
[Jane Marcet], ‘On Hydrogen’
Conversations on Chemistry; in which the Elements of That Science are Familiarly Explained and Illustrated by Experiments, Vol. 1: On Simple Bodies, 5th ed. (London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1817), pp. 220–247, 249–255 [with plate VIII]
part 1.10|23 pages
The laboratory revolution
chapter 23|2 pages
[Anon], ‘New Laboratory, University College, London’
Illustrated London News, 30 May 1846, p. 348 [with figure]
chapter 24|3 pages
Joseph Dalton Hooker, ‘On the Plans of the New Laboratory for Investigations in Vegetable Physiology at Kew’
[South Kensington Museum], Conferences Held in Connection with the Special Loan Collection of Scientific Apparatus, 1876, Vol. II: Chemistry, Biology, Physical Geography, Geology, Mineralogy, and Meteorology (London: Chapman and Hall, 1876), pp. 157–161
chapter 25|8 pages
[Anon], ‘The New Physical Laboratory of the University of Cambridge’
Nature, 10 (25 June 1874), pp. 139–142 [with figures]
chapter 26|4 pages
Edward Cookworthy Robins, ‘Buildings for Applied Science and Art Instruction’
Papers on Technical Education, Applied Science Buildings, Fittings and Sanitation (London: J. Davy, 1885), pp. 1–19
part 1.11|18 pages
Physics
chapter 27|14 pages
James Clerk Maxwell, ‘General Considerations Concerning Scientific Apparatus’
[South Kensington Museum], Handbook to the Special Loan Collection of Scientific Apparatus, 1876 (London: Chapman and Hall, 1876), pp. 1–21
part 1.12|18 pages
Physiology
chapter 28|4 pages
J. Burdon Sanderson, ‘Biology: President's Opening Address’
[South Kensington Museum], Conferences Held in Connection with the Special Loan Collection of Scientific Apparatus, 1876, Vol. II: Chemistry, Biology, Physical Geography, Geology, Mineralogy, and Meteorology (London: Chapman and Hall, 1876), pp. 149–156
chapter 29|4 pages
Thiselton Dyer, ‘On Various Apparatus for Investigations in Vegetable Physiology’
[South Kensington Museum], Conferences Held in Connection with the Special Loan Collection of Scientific Apparatus, 1876, Vol. II: Chemistry, Biology, Physical Geography, Geology, Mineralogy, and Meteorology (London: Chapman and Hall, 1876), pp. 161–165
chapter 30|4 pages
Étienne-Jules Marey, ‘Apparatus for Registering Animal Movements’
[South Kensington Museum], Conferences Held in Connection with the Special Loan Collection of Scientific Apparatus, 1876, Vol. II: Chemistry, Biology, Physical Geography, Geology, Mineralogy, and Meteorology (London: Chapman and Hall, 1876), pp. 165–169
chapter 31|2 pages
Edward Albert Schäfer, ‘On Some Recent Improvements in Recording Apparatus’
[South Kensington Museum], Conferences Held in Connection with the Special Loan Collection of Scientific Apparatus, 1876, Vol. II: Chemistry, Biology, Physical Geography, Geology, Mineralogy, and Meteorology (London: Chapman and Hall, 1876), pp. 169–170
part 1.13|17 pages
Spectroscopy
chapter 32|4 pages
Gustav Kirchhoff and Robert Bunsen, ‘Chemical Analysis by Spectrum-Observations’
Philosophical Magazine, 20 (4th ser.) (1860), pp. 89–93, 107–108 [with figure]
chapter 33|6 pages
Robert Routledge, ‘The Spectroscope’, in Discoveries and Inventions of the Nineteenth Century
1st ed. (London: George Routledge and Sons, 1876), pp. 302–303, 308–310, 312–313, 322–324, 330–331
chapter 34|1 pages
Image: ‘Spectrum Apparatus in Action, Showing the Spectra of the Metals’
Plate in John Browning, How to Work with the Spectroscope, 2nd ed. (London: John Browning, 1882), facing p. 32
part 1.14|24 pages
Astrophysics
chapter 35|9 pages
Agnes M. Clerke, ‘Methods of Research’
A Popular History of Astronomy during the Nineteenth Century, 1st ed. (Edinburgh: A. and C. Black, 1885), pp. 440–453
chapter 36|4 pages
Richard A. Proctor, ‘Proctor on the Big Lens: He Thinks the Lick Telescope will Disappoint Science’
New York World, 27 February 1887, p. 17
chapter 37|5 pages
Alvan G. Clark, ‘Great Telescopes of the Future’
Astronomy and Astro-physics, 12:8 (1893), pp. 673–678
part 2|119 pages
Trade
part 2.1|28 pages
Catalogues
chapter 38|2 pages
W. and S. Jones, [Advertisement:] ‘To Philosophical Professors, Lecturers in Philosophy, and Private Students’
George Adams, Lectures on Natural and Experimental Philosophy, Vol. 1, 2nd ed. (London: W. and S. Jones, 1799), facing p. 1
chapter 39|3 pages
John Joseph Griffin, ‘Preface’, in Chemical Recreations: A Compendium of Experimental Chemistry
8th ed. (Glasgow: Richard Griffin & Co., 1838), pp. ix–xii
chapter 40|2 pages
Richard Griffin and Co., [Advertisement:] ‘Griffin's Chemical Museum’
J. J. Griffin, Chemical Recreations: A Compendium of Experimental Chemistry, 9th ed. (Glasgow: Richard Griffin & Co., 1847), following p. 566
chapter 41|2 pages
Negretti and Zambra, ‘Preface’, in A Treatise on Meteorological Instruments: Explanatory of their Scientific Principles, Method of Construction, and Practical Utility
(London: Negretti and Zambra, 1864), pp. v–vi
chapter 42|7 pages
Negretti and Zambra, Front Matter and ‘Preface’, in Encyclopaedic Illustrated and Descriptive Reference Catalogue of Optical, Mathematical, Philosophical, Photographic, and Standard Meteorological Instruments
(London: Negretti and Zambra, c. 1884), pp. i–viii [with figure]
chapter 43|4 pages
Benjamin Pike, Jr., ‘Preface’, in Pike's Illustrated Descriptive Catalogue of Optical, Mathematical and Philosophical Instruments
2nd ed. (New York: Benjamin Pike, Jr., 1856), pp. v–ix
chapter 44|2 pages
Image: The Shopfront of Philip Harris & Co. on Edmund St. in Birmingham, England, Along with Illustrations of their Shop Floors for Woodworking and Metalworking
From their Catalogue of Physical and Practical Physics Apparatus, &c. (Birmingham, 1899) [facing preface]
part 2.2|26 pages
Anatomy
chapter 45|17 pages
George Knox (Trans.), Description of an Artificial Anatomical Figure, Constructed by the Chevalier Auzoux, M.D., Exhibited in 1832 before the King, in London
(Madras: Church Mission Press, 1834)
chapter 46|2 pages
George Dexter, ‘Preface’, in Catalogue of Anatomical Models Made by Dr. Auzoux, Professor of Anatomy and Physiology, Paris, and for Sale by George Dexter
(Albany, NY: Stone and Henly, 1844), p. 1
chapter 47|1 pages
Image: Human Anatomical Model with Demountable Parts, by Auzoux, C. 1880
part 2.3|31 pages
Microscopy
chapter 48|2 pages
Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg, ‘Estimate of the Relative Value of the Microscopes of Chevalier, Ploessel, and Schiek’
The Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal, 13 (1832), pp. 327–328
chapter 49|11 pages
James Glaisher, ‘Microscopes’
Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations, 1851: Reports by the Juries on the Subjects in the Thirty Classes into which the Exhibition was Divided (London: William Clowes & Son, 1852), pp. 265–269
chapter 50|5 pages
J. J. Plummer, ‘A Few Words on the Choice of a Microscope’
Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 4 (new series) (1864), pp. 153–158
chapter 51|7 pages
Henri van Heurck, ‘Choice of a Microscope’ and ‘Objectives’, in The Microscope: its Construction and Management. Including Technique, Photo-Micrography, and the Past and Future of the Microscope
Trans. by Wynne, E. Baxter (London: Crosby Lockwood and Son; New York: D. Van Nostrand, 1893), pp. 138–145 [with figures]
part 2.4|31 pages
Anthropometry
chapter 52|3 pages
Francis Galton, ‘Outfit for an Anthropometric Laboratory’
Privately circulated pamphlet, March 1883
chapter 53|7 pages
Francis Galton, ‘On the Anthropometric Laboratory at the Late International Health Exhibition’
Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 14 (1885), pp. 205–218
chapter 54|10 pages
Cambridge Scientific Instrument Company, A Descriptive List of Anthropometric Apparatus, Consisting of Instruments for Measuring and Testing the Chief Physical Apparatus of the Human Body. Designed Under the Direction of Francis Galton
(Cambridge: Cambridge Scientific Instrument Company, 1887)
chapter 55|5 pages
[Anon], ‘A Morning with the Anthropometric Detectives: An Interview with Francis Galton, FRS’
Pall Mall Gazette, 16 Nov. 1888, pp. 1–2
part 3|126 pages
Display
part 3.1|23 pages
The Great Exhibition
chapter 56|4 pages
Robert Ellis, ‘Introduction’, to ‘Section II, Class 10: Philosophical, Musical, Horological, and Surgical Instruments’
Great Exhibition of the Works of All Nations: Official Descriptive and Illustrated Catalogue (London: Spicer Bros., 1851), pp. 404–405
chapter 57|7 pages
James Glaisher, ‘Introduction’ and ‘Conclusion’ to his Report on ‘Class X: Philosophical Instruments and Processes Depending upon their Use’
Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations, 1851: Reports by the Juries on the Subjects in the Thirty Classes into which the Exhibition was Divided (London: William Clowes & Son, 1852), pp. 243–246, 316
chapter 58|6 pages
James Glaisher, ‘Conclusion’, from his Lecture on ‘Philosophical Instruments and Processes, As Represented in the Great Exhibition’
Lectures on the Results of the Exhibition, Delivered Before the Society of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce, at the Suggestion of H. R. H. Prince Albert, President of the Society (London: David Bogue, 1852), pp. 294–301
part 3.2|61 pages
Museums of science
chapter 59|8 pages
Charles Daubeny, ‘Dream of the New Museum’
Miscellanies: Being a Collection of Memoirs and Essays on Scientific and Literary Subjects (Oxford: James Parker, 1867), Vol. 2, Pt. IV, pp. 141–152
chapter 60|7 pages
[Robert Willis et al.], ‘Report to the Syndicate for Museums and Lecture Rooms, University of Cambridge’, 31 December 1853
Quoted in R. Willis and J. W. Clark, The Architectural History of the University of Cambridge (Cambridge, 1886), Vol. 3, pp. 159–165 [with additional illustration]
chapter 61|7 pages
J. E. Gray, ‘Botany and Zoology, Including Physiology’
Report of the 34th Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science (London: John Murray, 1864), pp. 75–80
chapter 62|3 pages
W. Boyd Dawkins, ‘The Organisation of Natural History Museums’
Nature, 16 (1877), pp. 137–138
chapter 63|16 pages
W. Stanley Jevons, ‘The Use and Abuse of Museums’
Methods of Social Reform and Other Papers (London: MacMillan, 1883), pp. 54–81
chapter 64|16 pages
W. H. Flower, ‘Modern Museums’ 1
Essays on Museums (London: Macmillan, 1898), pp. 30–53 [with figure]
part 3.3|26 pages
Scientific relics
chapter 65|2 pages
G. Wilson, ‘Address as President of the Royal Scottish Society of Arts at its Annual General Meeting, November 23, 1857’
Transactions of the Royal Scottish Society of Arts, 5 (1861), pp. 43–62, on pp. 52–53
chapter 66|6 pages
[Anon], ‘Loan Collection of Scientific Apparatus’
Illustrated London News, 16 Sep. 1876, p. 270 [with figure]
chapter 67|3 pages
A. H. Lane-Fox [Pitt Rivers], ‘The Arrangement of Museums’
Nature, 17 (1878), pp. 484–485
chapter 68|5 pages
William Spottiswoode, ‘Physics (Including Astronomy)’
[South Kensington Museum], Conferences Held in Connection with the Special Loan Collection of Scientific Apparatus, 1876, Vol. 1: Physics and Mechanics (London: Chapman & Hall, 1876), pp. 1–7
chapter 69|6 pages
Henri Tresca, ‘Upon Objects Illustrating the History of Science, and the Means of Ensuring their Conservation’
[South Kensington Museum], Conferences Held in Connection with the Special Loan Collection of Scientific Apparatus, 1876, Vol. 1: Physics and Mechanics (London: Chapman & Hall, 1876), pp. 80–88
part 3.4|12 pages
Expositions and world's fairs
chapter 70|8 pages
Henry Adams, ‘The Dynamo and the Virgin’
The Education of Henry Adams (Washington, DC: [by private circulation], 1907), pp. 331–340
