ABSTRACT
Private entrepreneurship has been the dominant force driving East Asian development. Business managers from the East Asian countries themselves as well as foreign direct investors have developed numerous IT related enterprises. Local entrepreneurial effort has originated in all the East Asian countries. In many East Asian countries, private businesses, often owned or directed by local families, have been responsible for much technical upgrading. Perhaps surprisingly, in China, even firms that ultimately are owned by provincial or central government authorities have engaged in considerable entrepreneurial activity. Finally, from farther afield, many United States, European, and Japanese companies have entered into joint-venture agreements or have established fully owned subsidiaries in many countries of East Asia.68
