ABSTRACT
The concentrations of dispersed and dissolved oils, solids, and additive chemicals in produced or injected water are typically restricted under environmental guidelines or operational requirements. The former is important when discharging water to the environment, while the latter is needed to avoid disposal well formation damage. Returning excess petroleum product to the reservoir in injection water is economically undesirable. The quality of disposed or injected water is monitored using a variety of methods. Continuous monitoring of chemical constituents in water is a common practice in industry, and is usually favored over manual monitoring. Technology in continuous monitoring of oils, solids, treatment chemicals, and naturally occurring environmentally sensitive constituents is advancing, particularly in detection applications. Real-time monitoring of water in the presence of optical foulants is accomplished with ultrasonic cleaning methods. Technological advances in on-line and in-line monitoring of oily or additive components in disposed water are presented and discussed.
