ABSTRACT
The smart city, as a city planning model and emerging urban reality, is a paradigm in continuous transformation. Navigant Research points out that the supplier ecosystem for smart cities is continuously expanding, and established suppliers are moving into the market from the energy, transport, buildings and government sectors, while start-ups are addressing a range of emerging opportunities. In 2009, the company launched the global 'Intelligent Urbanisation' initiative, which was designed to help cities around the world by using broadband networks as a utility for integrated city management, better quality of life for citizens and economic development. Smart urban environments and broadband networks disrupt established innovation ecosystems by introducing significant changes in their building blocks, networks and nodes. Uber is disrupting the transportation market by turning citizens into transport service providers. Airbnb is disrupting the hospitality and real estate markets by bringing in unutilised fixed capital investments in housing.
