This chapter devoted to Empire, it can only be based, in a nation-state such as the one people live in, on the exacerbation of a national sentiment. It has won renown through the redefinition of American historical tradition since the war of Independence with a view to reasserting and re-legitimizing what was originally an imperial calling. The neoconservatives believe the imperial calling has borne the History of the United States and has led to a specific form of intervention on the world scene that is axed around three principles: preventive action, unilateralism, unmatched global presence and influence. The White House was concerned in particular by German intervention. The ancestors of the neoconservative views on foreign policy throughout the American history to show that they are right on this particular point. They continue a major tradition in American History, in spite of the Rooseveltian parenthesis. And this tradition corresponds to what we labeled pseudo-imperial nationalism.