ABSTRACT
For a number of reasons, the automotive industry is heavily involved in the development of augmented reality (AR) and its applications. Since the late 1990s, car manufacturers and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) have explored the benets of AR through major collaborative projects, such as ARVIKA with Daimler Chrysler, Ford, Audi, Volkswagen, and Siemens AG (ARVIKA Project 1999-2003); ARTESAS with Siemens AG and BMW (ARTESAS Project 2004-2006); EFA2014 with Audi, BMW, Continental, and Bosch (EFA2014 Project n.d.); AVILUS with Daimler, Siemens, and Volkswagen; and nally, EGYPT with PSA. During these projects, the use of AR for the whole product life cycle has been studied, from car conception until customer assistance services. Still, the deployment of AR applications in the automotive industry has remained limited due to various technical challenges.
