This chapter offers some important conceptual and theoretical background information regarding entrepreneurship education. It provides a definition of entrepreneurship education and a historical context of the growth of entrepreneurship education. The chapter explains how entrepreneurship education differs from traditional business education. It distinguishes between two major types of entrepreneurship education courses - small business management courses and new venture courses. The chapter provides an overview of learning theories relevant to entrepreneurship. It presents a brief discussion about the impact of entrepreneurship education. The chapter provides the state of the art in United States entrepreneurship education and best practices based on the 2014 National Survey of Entrepreneurship Education. Social entrepreneurship is playing a bigger role in venture success, with many millennials giving increased attention and value to the social causes behind businesses. The chapter concludes with a view of future directions and areas of improvement in entrepreneurship education.