Each part of the Americas has its particular archival history. This chapter briefly outlines practice throughout the 'New World'. It covers what is now the province of Quebec, which once formed part of the much larger territory of French-ruled Nouvelle-France. The chapter discusses the native Americans made rock paintings, inscriptions and petroglyphs. In North America, the influence of the colonial powers, principally France and Britain, is obvious. The Quechua empire was organized hierarchically. It comprised four parts: Chinchaysuyu, Antisuyu, Collasuyu and Cuntisuyu. The Americas had distinct and distinctive indigenous archival practices well before the arrival of Europeans. Thereafter, in Central and South America, archival practices were based on those of the Iberian peninsula. Similarly, in North America, record-keeping practices which developed still mirror, to a significant degree, those of the former colonial powers, particularly France and Britain.