ABSTRACT
There are two main characteristics of the authorization process. First, what is stated in the decrees are the procedures for obtaining an authorization and the limits of size below which the procedure need not be applied. In fact, there are practically no nationally defined standards, with respect to either effluents or ambient water quality. Second, a large, and to a certain extent discretionary, power is granted to the prefect. To assess the practical role and use of the authorization procedures, the question is therefore to understand the system of influence and power in which the prefect acts and issues permits. There are two basic sources of the authorization procedures, the Law on Water of 1964 and the Law on Classified Establishments of 21 September 1977. An authorization must be obtained for dischargers who were operating before the date of the decree, unless they had discharge authorization under some other legislation.
