This chapter looks at some general issues relating to justifying the investment of resources in a change project and key aspects of leading change. A business case is the strategic justification for a programme or a project in which the objectives and benefits of the programme or project are balanced against the financial investment, time frame, and risks it will involve. Much of the financial activity of an organization relates to business as usual activities: such as revenue collection, payment of salaries, and purchase of day-to-day items. A programme is a temporary, flexible organization created to coordinate, direct, and oversee the implementation of a set of related projects and activities in order to deliver outcomes and benefits related to the organization's strategic objectives. The programme manager operates at a higher level than the project managers who are responsible for the projects within the project. The programme managers' challenge is, therefore, to ensure that all the projects are implemented successfully.