ABSTRACT
Race and ethnicity have become synonymous. The definition of institutional racism that is most commonly cited in the United Kingdom refers to ‘racist stereotyping’ but relates this and other failures to ‘colour, culture or ethnic origin’ (MacPherson, 1999, p28). This definition first appeared in the MacPherson inquiry into the racist murder of Stephen Lawrence, a black teenager in London. (The term was coined 32 years earlier by African American activist Stokely Carmichael (republished as Ture and Hamilton, 1992.)
