ABSTRACT
The intention of this study is to identify the characteristics which form part of the intelligent façade. The 22 case studies were selected on the basis of them demonstrating some of these intelligent characteristics. The study has deliberately not been limited to a particular building type, and the projects range in size from a small house to the tallest building in Europe. Although the geographical spread appears biased towards western Europe, this is more an indication of the area of primary activity, than a conscious decision to concentrate on one particular climatic zone. The studies stretch across 22° of latitude, in eight different latitudinal bands, from northern Scandinavia to the Arizona desert. There are many longitudinal variations in between. As the technology is advancing all the time, the case studies have been arranged in chronological order, with the most recent first to demonstrate the application of the most up-to-date technologies.
