ABSTRACT
Cathar dissidence is the product of a reaction by a group of Roman clergy in the aftermath of the "Gregorian reform." It focuses on the study of the case of the "bons hommes" in the territories of the south of France. In order to explain the reasons that favored the reception of these dissidents in the southern principalities of medieval France. Within this context of political tensions and the reconstruction of princely power, the battle against heresy was further confused and at times obscured by another that was all-important. One had stated that the affair of heresy is inseparable and intimately tied to the political, economic, social, and religious context of the Midi of that time. The affair of heresy against the "bons hommes" of Lombers, and indirectly against the knights of the castrum who protected them, perfectly illustrates the general tendency observed among the castral elites of the time.
