ABSTRACT

The socio-ethical equilibrium secured by means of socio-ethical pressure is a creation of culture. The changes within the system of equilibrium are of three kinds: the system of equilibrium develops in its totality; the objective elements of the system change; and the subjective elements of the system change their attitudes toward the rules. Changes in the objective elements of the socio-ethical equilibrium commonly produce changes in the behavior of the individuals who form the subjective elements of the system. The structure and the evolution of socio-ethical pressure are so very important that we should use every means to elucidate the question. The evidence of child psychology tempts one to apply the general law of evolution, stating that ontogeny recapitulates philogeny in this connection. The way of creating ethical rules is radiation, that is, the tendency for ethical rules to spread out into larger behavior complexes than those they primarily referred to.