This chapter reviews studies of language performance in Chinese speakers with aphasia. The studies cover (1) disorders of retrieval of object and action names, representing nouns and verbs respectively, and their associated grammatical morphemes, (2) issues concerning the representation of nominal and verbal compounds, (3) comprehension and production deficits of different sentence types differing in canonicity of thematic role order, (4) micro- and macro-structural impairments in oral discourse production, and (5) the relationship between language disruption and co-verbal gesture use. This body of work illustrates how data from language-impaired individuals may contribute to our knowledge of normal language processing.