Civil unrest in Rwanda in the early 1990s, culminating in the 1994 genocide, affected communities significantly and, consequently, the role of community is significant in Rwandan society. The ethnic paradigm brought additional challenges to the rebuilding of communities and nation, integration and reintegration of the vulnerable, the displaced and victims. Subsequent government policies have been successful in development progress, but have been criticised as autocratic and limiting political space in others. This chapter examines the challenges of community during and after the genocide of 1994, and subsequent progress 20 years on.